一、学习目标
- 理解宾语从句在句中作宾语。
- 掌握连接词、陈述语序和时态呼应。
- 能把直接引语或疑问句改成宾语从句。
二、核心概念
| 概念 | 学习时要抓住的意思 |
|---|---|
| 宾语从句 | 一个句子充当动词或介词的宾语。 |
| 连接词 | that、if/whether、疑问词引导从句。 |
| 陈述语序 | 从句用主语在前、谓语在后的语序。 |
三、重点知识
| 重点 | 判断方法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| that | 陈述意义 | I think that he is right. |
| if/whether | 是否 | I wonder if he will come. |
| 疑问词 | 保留疑问含义 | Do you know where he lives? |
四、知识点讲解
宾语从句最常考三件事：连接词、语序、时态。
1. 学习步骤
- 判断从句表达陈述、是否还是特殊疑问。
- 选择连接词。
- 把从句调整为陈述语序，并检查时态。
2. 记忆提示
- 主句是现在时，从句按实际情况用时态。
- 客观真理在从句中通常仍用一般现在时。
五、易错点
| 易错点 | 常见错误 | 正确做法 |
|---|---|---|
| 从句用疑问语序 | I don’t know where is he. | I don’t know where he is. |
| 连接词错 | I wonder that he will come. | I wonder if/whether he will come. |
| 时态机械后移 | The teacher said the earth was round. | 客观事实：The teacher said the earth is round. |
六、例题
1. 改写
Where does he live? 变为 Do you know ...?
答案： Do you know where he lives?
2. 选择连接词
I think ___ he is honest.
答案： that，引导陈述内容。
七、练习题和答案
1. 练习题
- I don’t know ___ he will come. (if / that)
- Can you tell me where ___? (does he live / he lives)
- She said that she ___ busy. (is / was，主句过去且非真理)
- 改写：What is his name? I wonder …
- 翻译：我相信你会成功。
2. 答案
- if
- he lives
- was
- I wonder what his name is.
- I believe that you will succeed.